Coda Octopus Group, Inc.
How the company evolved, year by year. Revenue and debt come from the annual reports — for most companies, the 10-K filings with the SEC since 2009; dividends from the payments themselves.
The bars are a balance on the closing date; the lines are what happened during the year. Revenue above equity is ordinary, not an anomaly — it means the company turns its capital over more than once a year.
Major managers that reported this stock in their latest 13F.
▲ +27.7% over 5Y.
today you would have $1,203.12▲ +20.3%
Dividends reinvested, splits accounted for. Past prices say what happened, not what will.
The last 12 closed years. Each multiple uses that year’s closing price and that year’s reported numbers — not today’s. The range is set by the annual reports on record.
| Indicator | Median | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2010 | 2009 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year-end price | $9.30 | $7.83 | $6.02 | $6.86 | $8.00 | $6.29 | $8.37 | $5.82 | $4.77 | $2.46 | $0.28 | $0.33 | |
| P/E | 18.1x | 25.1x | 24.5x | 21.5x | 18.1x | 18.2x | 21.0x | 17.1x | 11.9x |
Seven formulas applied to what the company reported. None of them predicts a price — each answers what the stock would be worth if its assumption held. The assumption is printed next to every number, because it is the assumption that produces the result.
Square root of 22.5 × earnings × book value — the two ceilings Graham proposed. Blind to intangibles, so it undervalues software and brands.
Earnings growing 4.3% a year plus a 0.0% dividend — Lynch adds the yield to the growth rate, so a payer is not priced like a company that returns nothing. Growth capped at 25%.
Median P/E of 24.8 among peers in the sector.
Median P/E of 18.1 across the years on record for this company itself. Answers whether it is cheap against its own past, which a whole sector trading low cannot flatter.
Cash flow growing 4.3% a year for 10 years, discounted at 10%, then 2.5% forever.
Sector median of 12.6x operating profit, less net debt. Sees the business before its financing, so debt does not distort the comparison. Banks have no EBITDA — interest is their revenue, not a cost.
Companies of similar size in Industrials, for comparison. The columns are the same ones above, in the same order.
| Stock | Price | P/E | P/B | Dividend yield | ROE | Market cap |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TISITeam Inc | $24.74 | — | — | — | — | $113.39M |
| ENGSEnergys Group Ltd | $2.59 | — | 272.1x | — | — | $115.32M |
| EVTLVertical Aerospace Ltd. | $0.68 | — | — | — | — | $117.34M |
| ULBIUltralife Corp | $6.47 | — |
Coda Octopus Group, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, sells and rentals underwater technologies and equipment for real time 3D imaging, mapping, defense, and survey applications in the United States, Europe, Australia, Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. It operates through three segments: Marine Technology Business, Acoustic Sensors and Materials Business, and Defense Engineering Services Business. The Marine Technology Business offers geophysical range of products, such as GeoSurvey, a software and hardware package for acquisition and processing of sidescan sonar and sub-bottom profiler data in oil and gas companies; DA4G, a geophysical hardware; and Survey Engine, a software product that provides post-processing solutions for sidescan sonar and sub-bottom profiler data; inertial positioning and attitude measurement systems; and real-time volumetric imaging sonar systems under the Echoscope, Echoscope PIPE, and Echoscope PIPE NANO Gen Series brands, as well as the Diver Augmented Vision Display (DAVD) system, digital audio communication systems, GNSS-aided inertial navigation systems, and geophysical hardware and software solutions. These products are used in underwater construction, offshore renewables, oil and gas, complex mapping, salvage operations, defense, robotics, autonomous underwater vehicles, marine sciences, and port security. The Acoustic Sensors and Materials Business provides acoustic sensors, hydrophones, innovative acoustic materials, and calibration services, such as the medical, subsea, defense, and research sectors, with a focus on medical imaging and non-destructive testing. The Defense Engineering Services Business designs, manufactures, and supplies embedded solutions and sub-assemblies for integration into mission-critical defense systems, supporting programs such as Raytheon's Close-In Weapon Support and Northrop Grumman's Mine Hunting System. Coda Octopus Group, Inc. was founded in 1994 and is headquartered in Orlando, Florida.
Company description provided by Yahoo Finance.
| 13.3x |
| 4.2x |
| — |
| — |
| P/S | 3.4x | 3.9x | 4.3x | 3.5x | 3.4x | 4.1x | 3.4x | 3.6x | 3.4x | 2.7x | 1.1x | 0.1x | 0.1x |
| P/B | 2.0x | 1.8x | 1.7x | 1.4x | 1.7x | 2.1x | 2.0x | 2.9x | 2.5x | 3.5x | 2.2x | — | — |
| EPS | $0.37 | $0.32 | $0.28 | $0.38 | $0.44 | $0.30 | $0.49 | $0.49 | $0.36 | $0.58 | -$0.56 | -$2.66 |
| Profit margin | 18.24% | 15.55% | 17.95% | 16.14% | 19.35% | 23.19% | 16.68% | 20.85% | 27.68% | 18.53% | 23.35% | -15.45% | -71.33% |
| ROE | 10.98% | 7.11% | 6.86% | 6.45% | 9.91% | 12.05% | 9.72% | 17.06% | 20.46% | 24.15% | 48.56% | — | — |
Median, not average: a single year of near-zero profit produces a P/E of 400 and would drag an average on its own. P/E years above 200x are left out, the same cut the fair price uses — so this median matches the “its own history” method below. Price and EPS have no median: they are series that grow.
This formula has no meaning here — usually a loss, negative cash flow, or a missing input.
Not the average of the seven numbers above. Four of the seven start from the same earnings per share — Graham, Lynch, sector multiples and its own history — so averaging all seven would let one input count four times and drown out the others. Instead each family produces one number, and the fair price is the average of the families that answered. A family with two working formulas contributes their average, not two votes.
6 methods answered, across 3 families.
Every formula reads the same reported statements and they can be wrong together. The margin is room for that.
-11.7% from the average.
These are models, not forecasts, and not investment advice. Change one assumption and the number changes with it — that is a property of valuation, not a defect of this page.
| 0.8x |
| — |
| -4.91% |
| $107.81M |
| HUHUHUHUTECH International Group Inc. | $4.16 | — | 13.5x | — | -248.84% | $107.72M |
| HOVRNew Horizon Aircraft Ltd. | $1.77 | — | 2.3x | — | -89.81% | $118.28M |